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The 44M Tas was a Hungarian medium tank, in earlier Hungarian knowledge classified as a heavy tank design of World War II. The only prototypes built were destroyed when the Manfred Weiss factory was bombed in 1944.

This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. (July 2017)

44M Tas
Type	Medium / Heavy tank
Place of origin	Kingdom of Hungary
Service history
Used by	Kingdom of Hungary
Wars	World War II
Production history
Designer	Manfred Weiss Works
Designed	1943
Manufacturer	Manfred Weiss Works
Produced	1943–1944
No. built	2 prototypes
Specifications
Mass	38 tonnes (37 long tons; 42 short tons)[1]
Length	9.2 m (30 ft 2 in) gun forward[1]
Width	3.5 m (11 ft 6 in)[1]
Height	3 m (9 ft 10 in)[1]
Crew	5[1]
Armor	50–120 mm (2.0–4.7 in)
Main armament	1 × 7.5 cm 43.M tank gun L/46
Secondary armament	2 × 34/40A M 8 mm machine gun
Engine	2 x gasoline Manfred Weiss-Z[1] 520 hp (390 kW) 2 x 260 hp (2 x 195 kW)[1]
Power/weight	13.68 hp/ton
Operational range	200 km (120 mi)
Maximum speed	45 km/h (28 mph)

Design

This section does not cite any sources. (April 2020)

In 1943 Hungary had already realized that its tank productions were all obsolete and had little chance of survival against Russian medium tanks. To solve the problem Hungary started to develop the Turán III and Zrínyi assault guns. However, it still tried to buy the license of foreign vehicles, the Panzerkampfwagen IV Ausführung H and the Panzerkampfwagen. V "Panther" to be exact, but Germany rigidly refused to sell the blueprints. Hungary had no other option but to design its own modern heavy tank. In April 1943 the Ministry of Defense (HM) charged the Manfred Weiss factory to design the vehicle.

In the same year, a group of military experts of the Institute of Military Technology of the Hungarian Army (HTI) traveled to Kummersdorf, Germany where they saw the famous Tiger and Panther tanks. Unfortunately for the Hungarians, the tanks were not shown to them from the inside. However, because they were the only Hungarians who saw the modern German vehicles from up close in the given year 3 HTI specialist officers took part in the designing procedures from the beginning.

The blueprints with all necessary data and budget plans were finished on 3 December 1943. Photos of the 1:10 scale metal model of the new vehicle was given to the HTI on 6 December 1943. The vehicle looked very similar to the German Panther but the designers used the steep slope angle of the Russian T-34's frontal armor. The new heavy tank was named Tas, the HM accepted the plans, developing and production started in May 1944.

Construction of the prototype vehicle progressed slowly because it was the very first tank project of Hungary which was entirely its own so it was still in its infancy. The engineers constantly discovered newer and newer problems which needed solutions. Furthermore, the tank had welded armor which was a new method for the engineers. The Toldi light tanks had welded armor too but that tank had very thin armor plates. The Tas had 75 and 120mm thick armor plates which proved to be a challenge for the engineers. Constant material shortages and Allied bombing raids did not help either.

The chassis of the Tas' iron made sample vehicle was ready in June 1944 with fully operational suspensions and built-in engines, and the turret's construction readiness came to a raw binding state. However, on 27 July 1944 an Allied bombing raid seriously damaged the Manfred Weiss factory. The production hall where the Tas was made collapsed and the sample vehicle completely burned out. Hungary tried to restart the project at Ganz factory but it didn't have enough time to actually start the re-building of the prototype.

According to the original plans and the 1:10 scale model the Tas would have an 80mm gun. In 1943 when the blueprints were made Hungary had only one such gun, the 80mm 29/38.M Bofors AA cannon. We don't know if the conversion of the gun from an AA cannon to a tank gun actually started but we do know that there was a converted AT gun prototype of the same gun which was made in 1942. Perhaps the engineers planned to use that or waited for an actual converted tank gun.

However, during the building state of the Tas, it became clear that the conversion of the 80mm gun would progress slowly and the Tas project would be held back because the engineers would had to wait for the guns. That's why the designers decided to use the same 75mm gun for the prototype which was used in the Turán III and the Zrínyi I. That 75mm gun already had 2 finished models so the production of the gun would go more smoothly than waiting for the gun factories to change their equipment to convert and produce the 80mm tank gun. With a 75mm cannon, the finished sample vehicle made of iron could be tested on the field and later could be easily modified to build in the 80mm gun which was predicted to be ready by the time a serial vehicle made of armor plates would be finished.

However, due to material shortage, the third 75mm gun was never finished by the time when the Tas prototype was destroyed and the DIMÁVAG factory which produced the gun was later captured by the USSR.

According to the remaining documents, the Manfred Weiss factory undertook the production of 2 vehicles. One prototype made of iron as a sample vehicle on which further developments could be carried out more easily, and one prototype made of actual armor plates. Because the documents mentioned 2 vehicles, the first Hungarian researcher let his fantasy go wild and thought that 1 vehicle was meant to be a tank destroyer version and even made a sketch about it according to his imagination. Because of this, many people still think that the Tas tank destroyer was an actual project even though no documents or blueprints were found, despite other researchers already stating that this was just a mistake. Even the one who made that mistake later told to a historical themed magazine that the Tas tank destroyer was completely his idea which was based on that habit of WW2 where every successful tank chassis had a tank destroyer superstructure.

Another mistake that many people make that they think that the 75mm gun was a KwK 42. Hungary never had the license of the KwK 42 and did not have any, furthermore, Germany never gave any KwK 42 tank guns to Hungary. It was simply a tank gun variant of the Hungarian license built Pak 40 (and NOT the KwK 40) which was called 7.5 cm 43.M anti-tank gun, the tank gun variant being the 7.5 cm 43.M tank gun.

44M Tas Rohamlöveg ("Tas assault gun")

During his research in the 1980s on the 44M Tas, the Hungarian historian Pál Korbuly found sources mentioning that components for two chassis of the 44M Tas were made and he jumped to the conclusion that the second hull was for a tank destroyer based on the hull of the 44M Tas design and this was accepted as fact. The characteristics of this fictional vehicle were the subject of speculation. In the 2000s more information was found which explained that the components made where for a second 44M Tas prototype and not for some tank destroyer variant; there is no direct evidence of the project.[2]

See also

Similar tanks

• A41 Centurion Mk 1
• IS-1 & IS-2
• M26 Pershing
• Tiger I
• Panther tank
• P43 tank
• T-34/85

Notes

References

• J C M Probst. "Hungarian armour during WW2". Airfix Magazine (September 1976).
• "Hungarian armor part 1 – 44M Tas and Tas Rohamlöveg", For The Record

External links

• 44M. Tas – TANK ENCYCLOPEDIA website (accessed 2017-07-25)

На других языках

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[de] 44M Tas

Der Panzer Typ 44M Tas war eine ungarische Entwicklung eines schweren Panzers im Zweiten Weltkrieg, welche über das Stadium des Prototyps nicht herauskam.[1]

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- [en] 44M Tas

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[ru] Тош (танк)

44M «Тош» (венг. 44M Tas) — прототип венгерского тяжёлого танка времён Второй мировой войны. Произведён в единственном экземпляре, после его уничтожения проект был закрыт.

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