armor.wikisort.org - Tank

Search / Calendar

The Type 3 Gun tank Ho-Ni III (三式砲戦車 ホニIII, San-shiki hōsensha) was a tank destroyer and self-propelled artillery of Imperial Japanese Army in World War II. The Type 3 Ho-Ni III superseded the Type 1 Ho-Ni I and its variant the Type 1 Ho-Ni II in production, and gave better protection to the crew by having a completely enclosed superstructure. It was also meant to replace the Type 2 Ho-I for fire support.[2]

Type 3 Ho-Ni III
Type 3 Ho-Ni III tank destroyer
Place of originEmpire of Japan
Production history
No. built31[1]
Specifications
Mass17 tons
Length5.52 m (18 ft 1 in)
Width2.29 m (7 ft 6 in)
Height2.39 m (7 ft 10 in)
Crew5

Armor12–25 mm
Main
armament
Type 3 75 mm tank gun
Secondary
armament
-
EngineMitsubishi air-cooled V12 Diesel
170 hp
Power/weight10 hp/ton
Suspensionbell crank
Operational
range
200 km (120 mi)
Maximum speed 38 km/h (24 mph)

History and development


Previous gun tanks, Type 1 Ho-Ni I and Type 2 Ho-I, were not really optimized designs. Type 1 Ho-Ni I and Type 1 Ho-Ni II both used an open casemate with frontal and side armour only for the main gun, which made the crew vulnerable in close combat situations. The Type 2 Ho-I, despite its enclosed rotating turret, was armed with a low-velocity howitzer more suitable against gun emplacements and fortifications. The fully enclosed and armored casemate of the Type 3 Ho-Ni III with the more powerful Type 3 75 mm tank gun was intended to address these issues, and an order of 57 was placed with Hitachi Ltd.[2] Although production began in 1944, it was hampered by material shortages, and by the bombing of Japan in World War II.[3][4] Only 31 units were completed by the time the war ended.[1]


Design


Type 3 Chi-Nu tanks of the 4th Tank Division, with Type 3 Ho-Ni III self-propelled guns among them.
Type 3 Chi-Nu tanks of the 4th Tank Division, with Type 3 Ho-Ni III self-propelled guns among them.

The Type 3 Ho-Ni III utilized the Type 97 chassis. The main armament of the Type 3 Ho-Ni III was a Type 3 75 mm tank gun, which was based on the 75 mm Type 90 Field Gun; the field gun itself was loosely based on the French Schneider et Cie Canon de 85 mle 1927.[5][6] The Type 3 75 mm tank gun was also used in the Type 3 Chi-Nu medium tank.[7] The Type 3 Ho-Ni III 75 mm main gun was mounted in a fully enclosed fighting compartment with its flanks protruding beyond the hull sides, giving the appearance of a gun turret, although in reality it was incapable of rotation. The welded superstructure had sloped armour and the gun mount had additional stamped armor plate. The superstructure had very small observation slits and a small hatch on each side. The rear armour plate of the superstructure included a large double hatch that opened to each side.[8] There was no provision for secondary armament, and no front hull machine-gun.[9]


Service record


Although the Type 3 Ho-Ni III were assigned to various combat units, most were stationed within the Japanese home islands to defend against the projected Allied Invasion. As the surrender of Japan occurred before that planned invasion, there is no record of the Type 3 Ho-Ni III being used in actual combat.[10][11]


Tanks of comparable role, performance and era



Notes


  1. Zaloga 2007, p. 19.
  2. Zaloga 2007, pp. 19, 21.
  3. Zaloga 2007, pp. 15, 19, 20, 22.
  4. Taki's Imperial Japanese Army: Type 3 Gun Tank "Ho-Ni III"
  5. Tomczyk 2005, p. 3.
  6. Mayer 1984, pp. 57–59.
  7. Tomczyk 2007, p. 7.
  8. Tomczyk 2007, pp. 7–8, 27.
  9. Tomczyk 2007, p. 9.
  10. Zaloga 2007, p. 20.
  11. Tomczyk 2007, p. 8.

References





На других языках


[de] Typ 3 Ho-Ni III

Der Typ 3 Ho-Ni III (jap. 三式砲戦車 ホニIII, Sanshiki hōsensha Ho-Ni III) war ein japanischer Jagdpanzer, der von 1943 (Kōki 2603, daher die Typbezeichnung) bis 1945 vom Kaiserlich Japanischen Heer eingesetzt wurde.[1] Das Vorgängermodell hieß Typ 1 Ho-Ni II.
- [en] Type 3 Ho-Ni III

[ru] Хо-Ни III

Самоходная артиллерийская установка Тип 3 (яп. 三式砲戦車 — букв. «пушечный танк»), «Хо-Ни III» (яп. ホニ III) — японская самоходная артиллерийская установка (САУ) периода Второй мировой войны, класса противотанковых САУ, средняя по массе. Создана инженерами компании «Мицубиси» на шасси среднего танка Тип 97 «Чи-Ха», в 1944—1945 годах из линейных танков была переоборудована 31 САУ этого типа. Существующие фотографии позволяют предположить, что в САУ «Хо-Ни III» переоборудовались также и танки Тип 1 «Чи-Хе». Выпущенные САУ поступали на вооружение 4-й танковой дивизии, предназначавшейся для защиты Японских островов от возможного вторжения войск США. Ввиду окончания войны, в боях участия не принимали.



Текст в блоке "Читать" взят с сайта "Википедия" и доступен по лицензии Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike; в отдельных случаях могут действовать дополнительные условия.

Другой контент может иметь иную лицензию. Перед использованием материалов сайта WikiSort.org внимательно изучите правила лицензирования конкретных элементов наполнения сайта.

2019-2025
WikiSort.org - проект по пересортировке и дополнению контента Википедии